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　　一、語(yǔ)法

　　Subject-Verb Agreement （I）

　　1.主謂一致的三條原則1）語(yǔ)法一致，即在語(yǔ)法形式上取得一致。

　　Human beings enjoy learning.

　　Everybody's understanding is incomplete.

　　2）意義一致，即根據(jù)意義來(lái)處理一致關(guān)系。

　　The people there are fighting for the independence of their country.

　　The dollars was a lot of money at that time.

　　3）就近原則，即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于最靠近它的詞語(yǔ)。

　　There is a pen， two pencils and an eraser in the pencil box.

　　Neither the boy nor his teachers know the answer.

　　2.集體名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)與動(dòng)詞的一致1）當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為furniture， equipment， machinery等詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。

　　The furniture in that shop is all made in China.

　　Office equipment is very expensive nowadays.

　　A lot of new machinery has been installed.

　　2）集體名詞如people， cattle， police， poultry，等往往作復(fù)數(shù)用。

　　Some people drive madly in this country.

　　Many cattle have died because of the fold.

　　The police have been sent there but they have not made any arrests yet.

　　Poultry are plentiful in that mountain region.

　　3）family， government， class， committee， audience ， team， public 等詞被視做一個(gè)整體時(shí)，其后的動(dòng)詞作單數(shù)；被視做為構(gòu)成整體的個(gè)體時(shí)，其后的動(dòng)詞則為復(fù)數(shù)。

　　His family is a happy one.

　　His family are all interested in stamp-collecting.

　　The Democratic Government is in power now.

　　The government is/are considering further tax cuts.

　　The audience was very quite when he was giving his speech.

　　The audience were shouting and laughing when he came into the hall.

　　Our class is the top class in the grade.

　　The class are busy taking notes.

　　3.并列主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞的一致1）當(dāng)“名詞+名詞”表示一種事物時(shí)，用單數(shù)動(dòng)詞。

　　Bacon and eggs is a very popular British breakfast.

　　Toast and marmalade （果醬面包） is my favorite breakfast.

　　Fish and chips （炸魚與土豆片） is served every day.

　　2）當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是由and， both …。and 連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，如果主語(yǔ)所指的不是一種事物，動(dòng)詞則用復(fù)數(shù)