Lesson one:
Rock Superstars: What Do They Tell Us about Ourselves and Our Society
1. Rock Superstars 搖滾樂超級明星
rock : rock music , rock ' n ' roll ( or : rock and roll )搖滾樂早期的搖滾樂是源于美國的民歌( folk )爵士樂( jazz )勃魯斯歌曲(blues)等的一種音樂,其特征是具 有強烈的節(jié)奏 ( rhythm )單純的旋律 ( melody )一再重復的歌詞和音符的后拍音 ( after beat )
2. Rock is the music of teenage rebellion .搖滾樂是青少年的反叛音樂
a. teenage adj. pertaining to a teenager ( 13 至 19 歲的 ) 青少年的。
其名詞形式為teenager: (13至19歲的青少年)。
b. rebellion : resistance to or defiance of any authority 造反,反派。
如; a rebellion against old traditions 對舊傳統(tǒng)的反叛。
3. By a man's heroes ye shall know him. 你將從一個人崇拜的英雄得知其人。
a.這句句子的句型與英語中常說的 judge a man by the company he keeps(以一個人所交的朋友斷定其為人)很相似。
b. ye = you 用于古英語或詩歌中,是第二人稱代詞thou的復數。 如:
Ye are the salt of the earth .你們是社會的中堅。 (出自<>)
4. " Midnight Rambler
ramble :walk for pleasure漫游,既可表動詞,也可作名詞。
如; They rambled through the woods.他們在林中漫步。
5. …… he said," Grabs a half-gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform,sprinkling its contents over the first rows of sweltering listeners …… "
a. grab : to seize suddenly , eagerly , or roughly ; snatch 急抓,奪取。
如: He jumped up from the table, grabbed his hat and ran out of the door.
他從桌子旁跳了起來,抓起自己的帽子,奔出門去。
另外,grab后面可以跟其他名詞或名詞短語。 如:
grab a shower快速沖了澡,
grab a sandwich,胡亂吃了一個三明治,
grab a taxi 趕搭 ******************************************************.
有時,還可以作不及物動詞。 如:
He grabbed at the opportunity of going abroad. 他設法抓住這次出國的機會 b. sprinkle :to scatter drops or particles of water ,powder or the like on 灑液體,撒粉末等(于……上)。如:
They sprinkled ashes on the icy sidewalk .他們在積水溜滑的人行道上撒了灰。
We sprinkle the lawn every day .我們每天給草坪灑水。
以" sprinkling "引導的短語是動詞的 " - ing " 形式做伴隨狀語。 再如:
They stood there , watching the basketball .他們站在那里,觀看籃球比賽。
6. They surge to follow him, eager to be touched by a few baptismal drops.
a. surge : to move or swell forward in or like waves 如波濤洶涌而至。
A crowd surged out of the theater .觀眾從劇院里蜂擁而出。
b. 以形容詞" eager "引導的不定式詞組在語法功能上起著并列分句的作用。
7. Some 14,000 screaming fans were crunching up to the front of the stage at Capital Center……
a. some : ( before a number ) approximately , about (在數字前)大約。
如: some twenty students大約20個學生。
b. scream to make a loud , sharp cry 尖聲大叫。
" screaming "是動詞 scream的 " - ing "形式作前置修飾語, " screaming fans " 意為“尖聲大叫的歌迷”
c. crunch : to proceed with a crushing noise嘎吱嘎吱地往前。
如: The children crunched through the snow .孩子們嘎吱嘎吱地踩著雪走。
8. I ought to be crawling on my knees.
a. crawled : to move with the face downward and the boys close to the ground爬行。
如; The bus crawled along .公共汽車緩慢地行進。
注意:短語 crawl into the favor of one's superiors表示“卑躬屈膝地討好上司”。
b. on one's knees : 雙膝跪地。
9. How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship
a. feel about : consider , think of 覺得,感到。經常用于疑問句中,
如: How do you feel about the suggestion 你認為這個建議怎么樣
b. adulation 是adulate的名詞形式。
adulate : flatter or admire excessively過分贊賞,奉承,恭維。
如: One can hardly understand why young people so adulate film stars.
年輕人為什么如此過分贊賞影星,真讓人費解。
10. Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown , perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies
a. draw : attracts 吸引。
如: Some mutual interests draw us together .一些共同的興趣把我們吸引到一塊了。
b. somehow : in some way not specified or known 不知什么緣故。
如: Somehow I don't like this novel though it is so popular.
這本小說雖然很流行,但不知什么原因我卻不喜歡它。
c. fantasy : imagination , esp. when it is let free and not held back(自由奔放的)想象,幻想,狂想。
wildest fantasies ,最為狂妄的奇想。
11. These aren't idle questions.
idle : of no real worth or purpose 無聊的。
如: idle rumor無聊的謊言。
12. Horwitz sees the rock music arena as a sort of debating forum, a place where ideas clash and crash.
a. see …… as …… : consider …… as ……把……看作……
b. forum : a meeting place of discussion of matters of public interest。
c. a place 是a sort of debating forum的同位語,后面由 where引導的句子是定語從句,修飾 a place.
" ideas clash and crash "意為“各種思想沖撞”。
13. " The redefinition, " Horowitz says " is a task uniquely performed by the young……"
" uniquely performed by the young " 是過去分詞短語,用于修飾前面的"a task"。
14. It is they alone who combine invention and exaggeration……
a. it is …… who ( that ) 是強調句式。
b. lone : ( after a noun or pronoun ) only(在名詞或代詞后面)僅,只。
His name alone was enough to draw a large audience .僅僅他的名字就足以吸引一大批觀眾。
15. " Rock music," he says " is really a sociological expression rather than a musical force. "
rather than : instead of 而不是(肯定前者,否定后者。) 比如:
He is a poet rather than a novelist .與其說他是小說家,不如說他是詩人。
這里介紹另一個短語or rather,意為 more exactly更為確切地說“。
如: late last night , or rather early this morning昨天深夜,更為確切地說,是今天清晨。
16. It's just that Elvis managed to embody the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s.
a. 句中的it有 the reason的意思, that = be cause .
b. embody : give a definite form to具體體現 如:
The statue embodies the sentiment of the sculptor .這尊塑像表現了雕像家的感情。
The latest model of the lorry embodies many improvements .卡車的最新式樣體現了許多改進的地方。
17. TV network banned him.
a. network :a group of radio or television stations linked by wire or microwaves (廣播,電視)廣播網
b. ban :prohibit ,forbid 禁止。
如: Students are banned from reading dirty books .禁止學生閱讀色情書刊。
18. Most of the older viewers frowned, while most of the younger viewers applauded.
a. frown: to wrinkle the forehead , such as when one is displeased or in deep thought皺眉。
如:聽到我說錯了答案,他便皺起了眉頭。
短語frown on ( upon )表示“不贊同”。
如: He frowned upon my plan .他不贊同我的計劃。
b. applaud : to clap the hands together in approval or appreciation鼓掌喝彩;稱贊。
如: The audience applauded wildly .觀眾熱烈鼓掌。
c. 連接詞while在這里表示對照,
再如: I like books while my brother loves sports .我喜歡書,而我的兄弟則熱衷于體育。
19. The Rolling Stones, arrogant street-fighting men, demanded revolution.
arrogant : acting as if one were more important than others傲慢的;妄自尊大的。
如; He was just too arrogant to his subordinates .他對他的部下太傲慢了。
20. Feelings, always a part of any musical statement, were a major subject.
這里always a part of any musical statement 是feelings的同位語。
21. The Beatles showed there were a range of emotions between love and hate.
range : a number of different things of the same general sort or type (變動的,可供選擇的)范圍;幅度。
如: a range of colors to choose from可以選擇的一系列顏色;
a range of prices from 5 Yuan to 50 Yuan 從5元到50元不等的各種價格。
22. This country element, Horowitz feels, helped its audience express an urge to " get away from it all, "……
urge : an instinctive drive .沖動。
如: I felt an urge to further my studies in Europe .我有一種去歐洲深造的沖動。
23. ……these rock musicians mirror feelings……
mirror : reflect 反映。
如: The election result reflects their opinions.選舉結果反映了他們的觀點。
24. …… where it's heading
head ( for ) : move toward (朝某一方向)前進。
如: They were heading for the deep jungle for hunting .他們去叢林深處打獵。
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