Chapter 17 American History(III) in post-W.W.II Era(1945-1980S)

必背細節

1. On Feb 22,1946,George Kennan, a high-ranking official in the American embassy to Moscow, wrote in the telegram that the U.S.policy should be vigilant containment of Russian expansive tendencies. Later the containment policy became the official policy towards the Soviet Union.1946年2月22日，美國駐蘇聯大使喬治。凱南在他的電報中主張對蘇聯采取遏制。

2． The open declaration of the containment policy was made by President Truman on March 12,1949 in a speech to the joint session of congress.1949年3月12日杜魯門總統在國會聯席會議上公開宣布了遏制。

3． In order to protect Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion, the U.S.decided to offer Western European countries economic aid. This later came to be called the Marshall plan.為了保護西歐不受蘇聯擴張影響，美國決定給予西歐國家經濟支援，此舉后來被稱作“馬歇爾計劃。”

4． The North Atlantic Treaty, which was signed on April 4,1949,marked the beginning of U.S.efforts in setting up a military alliance around the Soviet Union and its allies.美國于1949年4月4日簽訂的北大西洋公約標志著美國開始致力于在蘇聯及其盟國周圍建立軍事同盟。

5． When the Korean War broke out in June,1950,Truman sent the 7th Fleet to the Taiwan Straits to prevent the PLA from liberating Taiwan.1950年6月朝鮮戰爭爆發，美國杜魯門政府第七艦隊進駐臺灣海峽，阻止中國人民解放軍解放臺灣。

6． The Montgomery boycott was led by Martin Luther King, Jr,a young black clergyman who later became a national leader of the Civil Rights movement.1955年的蒙哥馬利抵制公共汽車公司運動由小馬丁。路德。金領導，他是一個黑人牧師，后來成為民權運動的全國領導人。

7． Since 1945 the United States had entered a twenty-five-year economic boom.T